It's interview time, and you've cleaned up and brought along the best version of yourself. You show you're responsible by arriving early and dressing appropriately. You show you're interested by researching the company and asking questions. You show you're a good fit by answering tough questions and sharing glittering personal anecdotes.面试时刻到了，你打扮一新地出现了。早早到达，穿着得体，表现出自己很负责任。调查公司，进行提问表现你很有兴趣。应答难题，分享成功的个人轶事，表现出你能够胜任。But how do you show that you're listening? Here's the thing: You don't show; you just do it. Listening – not hearing, but fully receiving and digesting what another person says – is tough work under normal circumstances. And when you're anxious or nervous for the interview, the skill becomes even more elusive. However, while listening attentively to the interviewer may be tough, doing so will help you determine if you and the company are a good match.但是你要怎么展现出你在倾听呢？实际上：你用不着表现，你只要做就好了。倾听——不是听力，完全吸收消化另一个人所说的东西，通常情况下这是一项艰难的工作。特别是面试时焦虑紧张的时候，这一技能变得更为困难。虽然专心倾听面试官可能很难，但是这么做能帮你确认你是不是适合这家公司。Plus, listening isn't a bad skill to present to your interviewer. "If the company values collaboration, that means people are listening to one another," points out Paul Donoghue, psychologist and co-author of "Are You Really Listening? Keys to Successful Communication." And you'll likely compete with other candidates who dressed sharp, asked great questions and provided thought-out answers, so "you can stand out by being a good listener," he says.另外，倾听对于面试管来说也是个很好的才能。“如果公司注重合作，那就意味着要倾听他人意见。”《你真的在听吗？成功沟通的关键》一书的合著者，心理学家Paul Donoghue这样说道。你可能和其它穿着时髦，问题犀利，回答慎重周到的候选人一起竞争，这样“你可以作为一个优秀的倾听者脱颖而出。”You can also stand out if you're not a good listener. Heather R. Huhman, public relations and marketing expert and a hiring manager, describes her perception of job candidates who don't appear to fully listen: "It seems like they're not really interested, and that's huge to me, because surely there will be other people I interview who are going to be truly interested in what I'm talking about." Besides that, Huhman says she'd question how well those candidates would do if hired. "If they're really that distracted in the interview, how are they going to perform on the job?"如果你不是个好的倾听者，你也可以崭露头角。公共关系、市场专家，人事经理Heather R. Huhman说出了她对于看起来没有全神倾听的求职者的看法：“看起来好像他们不是真的感兴趣，那对于我来说是很严重的一件事。因为我面试的其他人中一定还有人是对我讲的东西真正感兴趣的。”除此之外，Huhman说她会怀疑这些求职者录用之后究竟表现如何。“如果他们在面试中就如此分心，他们在工作中表现又能如何呢？”Don't give the interviewers any reason to doubt you. Here's how to stand out from other candidates:不要让面试官有理由来质疑你。以下是如何胜出的一些建议：1. Practice. "Don't presume you're a good listener," Donoghue says, adding that listening well is a skill that takes continuous work and practice. Strutting into an interview assuming you can just do it is like thinking, "In this audition, I'm going to wing it and play Chopin," he says.1. 练习。“不要认为你是个好的听众。”倾听也是一项需要长期努力和联系的技能。参加面试时假设它等同于你能做到的思考的水平。“在这场试演中，我要临场发挥，弹上一曲肖邦。”Thicken your skin and ask your partner, friends or family members to tell you when you're not listening in everyday conversations and in a mock interview, Donoghue suggests. You may not realize that you tend to interrupt, zone out or fiddle instinctively with your phone as others speak to you. While this tough love may sting, it'll help you catch those poor listening behaviors and reverse them.别怕丢脸，问问搭档、朋友或者家人，在日常对话和模拟面试中，让他们在你走神的时候提醒你。你可能意识不到，当别人和你讲话的时候，你可能会插嘴、走神、或者不自主地摆弄手机。尽管良言逆耳，这能帮助你找出你在倾听中的弱点并且改正它们。2. Prepare. You know how much "listening" you do in those 9 a.m. meetings after a late-night Netflix binge? You'll need to do better than that in an interview. Take care of yourself so you have the energy to focus on active listening, says Pamela Cooper, president of the International Listening Association, which teaches and researches listening. In case your mother doesn't say it: Get plenty of sleep before the big day, and eat beforehand. ("There’s nothing more frustrating or embarrassing than having your stomach growl during the interview," Cooper says.)2. 准备。你知道在除了晚上在Netflix网站上（注：美国网络影视光盘租赁公司）之外，早上9点的会议中你都“听”了多少吗？你在面试中要做得更好。照顾好自己，这样你就能集中精力主动倾听，Pamela Cooper说。她是国际听力协会的主席，协会教授、研究听力。如果你妈妈没有说过的话：在重大日子前好好睡一觉，提前吃点东西。（没有比在面试中肚子咕咕叫更让人沮丧尴尬的事了。）Cooper stresses that listening is about being mindfully present and in the moment. You're digesting what the interviewer is saying right this second, rather than silently rehearsing the "Where do you want to be in five years" response or wondering if your current boss suspects you're at this interview. Center yourself right beforehand with a couple deep breaths, she says. Cooper强调说倾听意味着注意当下。你在理解面试官这一秒所说的话，而不是默默地排练“你五年后的计划是什么？”问题回答或者是担心现在的上司怀疑你正在面试。深呼吸，提前集中注意力。3. Eliminate distractions. Two words: No cellphones. Put them away – out of sight and out of mind. One innocent buzz can shift your attention and annoy your interviewer. And, let's face it, many of us have a Pavlovian response to check out that buzz, Huhman says. Vibrate? Reward! ("And it's probably just that your mom has 'liked' your most recent Facebook post," she notes.) Check that phone, and you're telling the interviewer that the phone is more important than him or her.3. 消除干扰。四个字：禁止手机。把它们放到一边，不要再想。轻轻的一下震动也会分散你的注意力，让面试官恼火。事实上，我们很多人都会条件反射去看手机。震动？奖励！（可能只是你妈妈给你最近的facebook状态点了赞。）查看手机就是在告诉面试官手机比他更重要。4. Show that you're listening. Body language speaks volumes. "The whole body can communicate that I am really interested, paying attention and taking in what you’re saying," Donoghue says. He urges eye contact, having a "receptive and interested" look on your face and leaning in slightly toward the interviewer.4. 展现出你在倾听。身体语言能够表现出来。“身体可以展示出我是真正感兴趣的，注意力集中，接收你在说的东西。”Donoghue说。他鼓励眼神交流，脸上表露出“乐意接收、感兴趣”的表情，微微侧向面试官。Be sure to nod as the interviewer speaks, too, Huhman adds. Nods often work better than verbally agreeing with "yeahs" and "uh huhs," she says, which can feel like interrupting. Speaking of whi –在面试官说的同时也要点头。点头比口头上说“对”“嗯”要来得好，后者感觉更像是在插嘴。5. Don't interrupt. Sure, of course, no duh. But it's not an uncommon offense during interviews, Huhman says. Often, nervous candidates are so enthusiastic (or trying to appear to be) that they jump the gun and begin answering questions a beat or two before the interviewers finish asking them. "Excitement is good, of course, but maybe they don’t know totally where I’m going with the question before I’m done," she says. So while yes, you finessed an impressive answer to the strengths and weaknesses question – and finally the interviewer is asking it – wait for that breath and second of silence before wowing him or her with your response.5. 不要插嘴。当然，不要讽刺。但是这在面试中不是常见的错误。通常，面试者紧张的时候会很活跃（或者表现得很活跃）。他们抢先一步，在面试官问完之前就开始回答问题。“激动当然是好的，但是在我问题问完之前他们不知道我要问的是什么。”Huhman说。当然，你为长处弱点的问题精心准备了出色的答案，面试官终于问到了，等上几秒，再用你的回答来震惊他们。6. Ask for the interviewer to repeat the question, if necessary. No one is a perfect listener. If you catch yourself mentally checked out, Donoghue suggests simply chiming in with something like, "I didn't quite fully understand what you're saying; could you repeat?"6. 如果有需要的话，要求面试官重复问题。没人是个完美的听众。如果你发现自己走神了，Donoghue建议说些像这样的话，“我没有完全理解你说的，你能再重复一遍吗？”7. Repeat after the interviewer. Here's a classic way to tell someone, "I hear you:" Say what he or she just said in your own words. Donoghue's example: "It sounds like this company really values a culture of collaboration." Note that there's no need for parrot talk. ("I'm hearing that you're saying it's a nice day.") But summarizing important or confusing points of the interview will help you fully digest those statements while showing the interviewer that you value what he or she said.7. 跟着面试官重复。经典的告诉别人“我听到了”的方式是用自己的话表述他/她刚才说的话。Donoghue举例：“听起来公司非常注重合作。”注意，用不着学舌。（“我听到哦啊你说天气很好。”）总结面试中重要或者是容易混淆的要点能帮你完全理解语句，并且向面试官表明你很重视他说的话。This repetition also works for summarizing the interviewer's question before answering, Huhman says, because the interviewer gets a chance to speak up if you've misheard or misunderstood the question. Plus, these few introductory words will buy time to craft your answer and avoid any awkward silences. "Most job seekers sort of fear silence in an interview," she says. "It probably feels like an eternity for every second."重复对于回答问题前总结面试官的问题也和有用，因为面试官能指出你是不是听错了或者是误解了问题。另外，介绍性的话语能够为你组织回答赢得时间，避免令人尴尬的沉默。“大部分求职者害怕在面试中沉默，”Huhman说，“一秒可能都显得无比漫长。”