听记+口述=综合口语题目的成败关键（2）如何缩写笔记？我的缩写习惯有三种：保留多音节单词的前三四个字母：ref～ (reference)doc～ (document)hosp～ (hospital)pred～ (predator)

去掉单词的元音字母（ＡＥＩＯＵ）：prvt (private)cvnt (convenient)btw (between)mkt (market)

符号：指向性符号：→、←、↑、↓数学符号：∵、∴、＝、＜＞其他常用符号：b4 (before，in advance)＄ (我不说，大家也知道)☆ (important)△ (change)⊙ (focus，center)

更多的常用笔记符号：1 箭头符号grow, expand, develop, rise, go up, increase, ascend, launch, skyrocket, soar, appreciation, promote, upwards: ↑drop to, bomb, jump, go down, descend, decrease, deter iorate, depreciation, reduce, downwards: ↓become better and better: ↗become worse and worse: ↘export to, enter, arrive in/at, present to, result in, send to, transmit to, lead to, cause: →come from, originate from, receive from, go back to, import from: ←

2 数学符号further more, in addition to, with, and, besides, etc: +minus, lack: -incorrect, wrong, bad, inappropriate, notorious: ×more than, bigger than, surpass, better than, superior to: >

fewer than, less than, worse than, inferior to: